In other words, antioxidants inhibited the onset of free radicals before they can cause a chain reaction in facilitating oxidative stress that causes damage to proteins, lipids, and cell DNA.
Oxidative stress is a result of an imbalance in the ratio of free radicals and antioxidants in the body.
Free radicals are highly reactive molecules with an unpaired electron on the outer ring of the atom.
Due to their nature to become stable, free radicals readily donate or steal an electron from other molecules, leading to the chain of domino effect that can not be stopped until either the electrons are paired or inhibited by antioxidants.
This chain of reaction is the cause of oxidative stress, a condition associated with either overexpression of free radicals or depletion of antioxidant enzymes produced by the host organs.
Overexpression of free radicals is known to cause damage in contributing to the etiology of many chronic health problems such as cardiovascular and inflammatory disease, cataracts, and cancer.
Antioxidants, on the other hand, are stable molecules with a unique function in the inhibition of oxidation.
Antioxidants can either be produced by the liver or intake from dietary sources. Under normal conditions, antioxidant enzymes produced by the body in a healthy individual are good enough to counter the bombardment of free radical attacks.
However, in people with a weakened immune system, intake of dietary sources of antioxidants may be necessary.
There are 3 main types of antioxidants found in nature, including antioxidant enzymes produced by the host, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and catalases, antioxidants vitamins, that may be injected from dietary sources such as fruits and vegetables, including vitamins A, C, D, and E and antioxidant-phytochemicals found in the plant including second metabolites.
Potato is the genus Solanum and belongs to the family Solanaceae. It is a good source of protein and according to the statistic, the annual diet of an average global citizen is about 33 kg (72.6 Lbs) of potato. The root veggie now is growing worldwide in a suitable climate for commercial profits and health benefits, thus its consumption is extremely variable and rapidly changing.
In finding a potential plant for the prevention and treatment of diseases associated with oxidative stress, researchers examined the potential of peptide fractions isolated from dehydrated potatoes on intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-6) under oxidative and inflammatory conditions.
Based on the results of differentiation,* Peptide fractions demonstrated a significantly inhibit the pro-inflammatory protein expression such as tumor necrosis factor-α and cycloxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase.
* More importantly, the tested peptides also showed significant antioxidant activity by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) release induced from mitochondria, and nitrotyrosine formation
* Furthermore, the applications also increase the antioxidant response by heme oxygenase-1 and superoxide dismutase expression.
Additionally, the peptide fractions were able to significantly increase wound repair in IEC-6 induced by oxidative-inflammatory damage.
Collectively, researchers said, "The obtained results indicate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential of dehydrated potatoes at the intestinal level".
Taken altogether, potatoes may be considered a functional food for the prevention and treatment of diseases associated with oxidative stress, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Dehydrated Potato-Derived Bioactive Compounds in Intestinal Cells by Basilicata MG1,2, Pepe G1, Rapa SF1, Merciai F1,2, Ostacolo C3, Manfra M4, Di Sarno V1, Autore G1, De Vita D5, Marzocco S1, Campiglia P. (PubMed)