Brassica Vegetables Inhibit the Onset of Hepatic Cancer Cells in Vitro

The liver is the largest internal organ found in the human which plays an essential role in filtering the blood from the digestive system before passing them to other parts of the body.

The liver also produces cholesterol, a waxy substance which aids digestion, builds cell membranes and produces vitamin D and steroid hormones.

Liver disease is a class of medical conditions characterized by reducing partly or completely the function of the liver, including liver failure.


Liver cancer is a medical condition characterized by cell growth irregularly in the liver tissue.

The causes of liver cancer are associated with the alternation of cells' DNA which normally begins in the cells on the surface of the inner lining.

Liver cancer at the early stage no not cause any symptoms. However, at the advanced stage, liver cancer cells can cause a wide range of symptoms including jaundice, abdominal swelling and pain, and dark urine and white stool accompanied by the general symptoms of cancers such as unintended weight loss, loss of appetite, chronic fatigue and tiredness and gastrointestinal discomforts.

The most common cause of liver cancer is infected by the hepatitis virus. However, in North America, due to the overexpression of the overweight and obese population, liver cancer may be slowly progressed from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease through cirrhosis to liver cancer.


In 2017, 2,500 Canadians were diagnosed with liver cancer and 1,200 Canadians died from liver cancer.

Compared to the early stage of other cancer, the 5 years survival rate in the early stage diagnosis is only 31%, and 43% of people with liver cancer diagnosed at stages 0 and 1.

Cabbage is a species of Brassica oleracea belongings to the family Brassicaceae (or Cruciferae), native to the Mediterranean region along the seacoast. The veggie has a short stem of which is crowded a mass of leaves, usually green but in some varieties, it may be red or purplish.

With an aim to find a natural food that inhibits cancer, researchers examined the bioactivity of synthetic and plant-derived 1-cyano-2,3-epithiopropane (CETP) - the predominant epithionitrile in Brassica vegetables in three human hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) cell lines.

According to the formazan dye assays, the concentrations of 380-1500 nM CETP isolated from Brassica vegetables inhibited the mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity-induced cytotoxicity of human HCC cells without impairment of cell growth.

Furthermore, at 100-fold higher CETP concentrations, the bioactive induced cell death.

The presence of a plant matrix associated with oxidative stress increased CETP-based toxicity without exhibiting the epithionitriles in human health.


Taken altogether, Brassica vegetables may be considered probiotics for the promotion of digestive functioning, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) The Brassica epithionitrile 1-cyano-2,3-epithiopropane triggers cell death in human liver cancer cells in vitro by Hanschen FS1, Herz C2, Schlotz N2, Kupke F2,3, Bartolomé Rodríguez MM4, Schreiner M1, Rohn S3, Lamy E. (PubMed)

Brassica rapa Protects the Kidney Cells Against Oxidative Stress Induced by Chemo Drug Cisplatin

Kidneys are 2 bean-shaped organs found in the left and right side in the retroperitoneal space in the body.

The function of kidneys is to filter blood and control fluids. They are the second detoxed organs besides the liver and skin.

Due to millions of tiny filters called nephrons in each kidney, people may not experience any kidney dysfunction symptoms at an early stage.

Kidney diseases are a class of medical conditions associated with reduced function of the kidney, in cases, complete loss of kidney function such as kidney failure.

Believe it or not, in the US, the leading causes of kidney failure and the end stage of chronic kidney diseases are diabetes and high blood pressure.

Nephrotoxicity or acute kidney failure is a condition of toxicity in the kidneys.

The disease is caused by the poisonous effect of prolonged use of certain medications and the accumulation of harmful chemicals.

According to the American physician association, long term use of penicillins, cephalosporins, sulfonamides, thiazide diuretics, furosemide, NSAIDs and rifampicin are associated to increase damage to the kidney.

And people age over 60 is at increased risk of nephrotoxicity if the above medicines are prescribed for prolonged periods.

Oxidative stress is a condition caused by an imbalance of the ratio of free radicals and antioxidants in the body.

In other words, oxidative stress is either caused by overexpression of free radicals or depletion of antioxidant enzymes in the body.

Long-term oxidative stress present in the body can cause protein and lipid damage and alternation of cell DNA, leading to the onset of chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, and nephrotoxicity.

Brassica rapa is a species of plant including turnip, napa cabbage, and bok choy.
On finding a potential plant that protects the kidney against damage, researchers compared the effects of ethanol extract of the roots of Brassica rapa (EBR) on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity associated with oxidative stress.

Before treatment with EBR, cisplatin decreased the antioxidant enzyme activity such as glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) in the cells.

Furthermore, A single dose of cisplatin (7 mg/kg, i.p.) causes kidney damage manifested by an elevation in blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine, and urine lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and oxidative stress malondialdehyde (MDA) production, and activities of aldehyde oxidase (AO) and xanthine oxidase (XO) in the kidney.

In vitro, LLC-PK1 cells pretreated by EBR prevented cisplatin-induced decreases in cell viability and cellular antioxidant GSH content.

Pretreatment of EBR, not only inhibited all parameters associated with the side effect caused by injection of cisplatin but also protected the kidney against damage induced by oxidative stress.

Based on the experimental results, researchers said, "This extract also recovered the reduced activities of GPx, SOD, and CAT. Taken together, our data indicate that the ethanol extract of the roots of Brassica rapa (EBR) has a protective effect against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity because it attenuates oxidative stress".

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Protective effect of the ethanol extract of the roots of Brassica rapa on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in LLC-PK1 cells and rats by Kim YH1, Kim YW, Oh YJ, Back NI, Chung SA, Chung HG, Jeong TS, Choi MS, Lee KT. (PubMed)

Green-Plant Membrane inhibits the Onset of Hypertriglyceridemia

Triglycerides are accumulated in the blood for future use by converting any unused calories.

In other words, triglycerides are an ester derived from glycerol and three fatty acids (from tri- and glyceride).

Overexpression of hyperglyceridemia is found in patients with atherosclerosis even without the presence of high cholesterol levels, and predispose.

Hypertriglyceridemia is a condition characterized by high levels of triglycerides in the blood.

Hypertriglyceridemia can also be accumulated to the arterial wall or combined with other substances to form plaque that narrows the arteries in transporting rich oxygenated blood to the heart and other parts of the body, leading to the onset of atherosclerosis.

Primary hypertriglyceridemia is found in 5% of patients associated with genetic preposition compared to 95% of secondary hypertriglyceridemia found in obese metabolic syndrome, diabetes,... patients.

Treating hypertriglyceridemia is difficult, as the condition is frequently coexistence with other conditions that affect cardiovascular disease risks, such as high levels of low-density lipoprotein, obesity, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes.

In severe cases of hypertriglyceridemia, patients may also experience the complication of acute pancreatitis, independent of the risk of CVD.

On finding a potential whole food for the treatment of diabetes, researchers examined the effects of the once-daily intake of the green-plant membrane with dietary oil on postprandial hypertriglyceridemia in vitro and in vivo.

In vitro, green-plant membrane-bound hydrophobic bile acids but did not inhibit pancreatic lipase activity.

The green-plant membrane in rats, oral fat tolerance tests, increased serum triglycerides levels were significantly reduced.


Moreover, fecal total lipid and bile acid volumes were significantly increased in rats that administered 200 mg/mL green-plant membrane.

Based on the evidence, researchers said, "...green-plant membrane with dietary oil inhibits dietary fat absorption via promotion of bile acid excretion in feces and the effectiveness of eating green-plant membrane, such as green leafy vegetables, with meals".

Taken altogether, the green-plant membrane may be considered a functional food for the prevention of hypertriglyceridemia, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You. How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Intake of green-plant membrane with dietary oil suppresses postprandial hypertriglyceridemia in rats via promoting excretion of bile acids by Matsuda H1, Ooi S1, Otokozawa R1, Kumazaki K1, Udagawa E1, Asakura M1, Suzuki D1, Shirai T. (PubMed)

Tomato Inhibits the Onset of Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), is a type of inflammatory non-alcoholic fatty liver disease caused by a buildup of fat in the liver.

Most cases of NASH if untreated can lead to liver scars or building up of scar over time, a condition of liver cirrhosis, and one of the most common causes of liver cancer.

Most people with non-inflammatory-alcoholic fatty liver disease are asymptomatic, however, the inflammation caused by non-alcoholic steatohepatitis may induce liver damage, leading to a reduced function of the liver that orchestrates the onset of liver symptoms.

The most common symptoms are abdominal swelling, enlarged blood vessels just beneath the skin's surface, enlarged spleen, red palms, and jaundice.


If you have experienced some of the aforementioned symptoms that do not recede in a short period of time, you may have some forms of liver disease. Please check with your doctor to rule out the possibility.

Out of many prevalent factors associated with increased risk of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, some researchers suggested the rise of the condition in the US population may be correlated to the promotion of the Western diet over the past few decades.



Dr. H. Cortez-Pinto, the lead scientist said, " Comparison of their diet history with control data (C) revealed that carbohydrate consumption was lower in patients (P): P—243.6±5.7g vs. C—261.5±1.6g, P<0.05, and most patients had very low fiber intake. Conversely, total fat consumption was higher in patients: P—79.7±1.7g vs. 73.0±0.4, P<0.01. A significantly higher intake of n-6 fatty acids (P=0.003) and the then-6/n-3 ratio was found in patients, P<0.001".

And, "Our results suggest that the quality and combination of carbohydrates and fat intake may be more relevant than their isolated amount; an increased fat intake with an excessive amount of n-6 fatty acids can be implicated in promoting necro-inflammation, and provides further grounds for individualized dietary therapy".


Tomato is red, edible fruit, genus Solanum, belongings to family Solanaceae, native to South America. Because of its health benefits, the tomato is grown worldwide for the commercial purpose
and often in the greenhouse.

In the urgency to discover healthy foods for the treatment of liver disease, researchers examined the effect of lycopene, a non-provitamin A carotenoid, and the pigment principally responsible for the characteristic deep-red color of ripe tomato and tomato products on subjects with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.


According to the review of the epidemiological study, tomato extract supplementation showed a significant protective effect against HFD-induced hepatic inflammation compared to supplementation of lycopene.

In patients with NASH, increased levels of plasma lycopene may have a strong impact on the progression of NASH as patients have been shown to have significantly reduced plasma lycopene.


In vivo, dietary lycopene inhibits liver carcinogen-induced preneoplastic lesions in the rat liver that was effective in reducing NASH-promotion in rats.


The efficacy of lycopene in the inhibition of NASH and another chronic disease may be associated with the body in lycopene metabolism involved in both the chemical and enzymatic modifications.


Furthermore, in vivo synthesis of ACR from lycopene showed to attenuate hepatic steatosis, by decreasing the macrophage conditioned medium induced and TNFα-mediated induction of pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokines.


Taken altogether, tomato processed a high amount of lycopene may be considered dietary supplements for the prevention and treatment of NASH, pending to large sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of lycopene in the form of supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma: implications for lycopene intervention by Ip BC1, Wang XD. (PubMed)
(2) How different is the dietary pattern in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis patients? by H. Cortez-Pintoa, L. Jesusa, H. Barrosc, C. Lopesc, M.C. Mourab, and M.E. Camiloa. (Clinical Nutrition)

Brassica Oleracea Vegetables and Juices Inhibits the Onset of Breast Cancer in Vitro

Cancer is a class of diseases in which a group of cells growing and multiplying disorderly and uncontrollably in our body.

The prevalence of breast cancer has been acknowledged in the scientific community worldwide. Breast cancer widespread in women in Southeast Asia as a result of over 2 decades of economic prosperity caused by an unhealthy diet is a major concern.


The women's breasts are made up of specialized tissue that produces milk (glandular tissue) and fatty tissue. The size of a women's breast is totally determined by the amount of fat.

Breast cancer is a medical condition characterized by cell growth irregularly and disorderly in the breast tissue.

Most cases of breast cancer start in the cell on the surface of the inner lining of the breast tissue before spreading into deeper layers of the breast.

Breast cancer is first noticed as a painless lump in the breast or armpit and most often discovered by the women themselves.

Breast skin irritation or dimpling, nipple pain, nipple retraction (turning inward), redness, and scaliness that cannot be healed within 3 weeks are also the signs and symptoms of breast cancer.

According to statistics, the risk of getting invasive breast cancer during the lifetime of a woman is 1/8.

People who inherited the genetic preposition of BRCA1 and 2 are associated with over 60% of the risk of breast cancer.

However, an unhealthy diet and lifestyle are some of the preventable risk factors that form a major cause of breast cancer onset.


In postmenopause, weight control is the major factor throughout life that appears to prevent breast cancer after menopause.

Daily physical activity and reduced intake of alcohol throughout life are associated with reduced risk of developing pre-and postmenopausal breast cancer, however, smoking during adolescence or early adulthood increases later risk of breast cancer.

Interestingly, in the depth discussion of the diet pattern in the risk of breast cancer, researchers do not find the direct link to breast cancer risk.

These results suggested by actively following a healthy lifestyle and moderate exercise, the risk of breast cancer can be decreased substantially.

Kale is a species of Brassica Oleracea, belongings to the family Brassicaceae, native to coastal southern and western Europe. The veggie leave is highly nutritious cultivated as foods in most parts of Europe.

On finding a potent compound for the prevention and treatment of cancers, researchers examined the antiproliferative activity of juice obtained from leaves of several varieties of Brassica oleracea on both estrogen receptor (ER)-positive (ER+; MCF-7 and BT474) and ER-negative (ER-; MDA-MB-231 and BT20) human breast cancer cell lines.

At low concentrations to final concentration 5-15 mL/L,
* All cauliflower varieties tested suppressed cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner.

* Although no evidence of apoptosis was found, cancer cell growth inhibition was accompanied by significant cell death at the higher juice concentrations.

* All juices showed a preference in the inhibition of breast cancer cells compared with other mammalian cell lines, such as ECV304, VERO, Hep2, 3T3, and MCF-10A.

In the cell levels, all juices exerted the inhibition of proliferation associated with significantly reduced CDK6 expression, and an increased level of p27 involved cell division and cell cycle arrest, respectively, in ER+ cells but not in ER- cells.

Based on the results, researchers said, "the edible part of Brassica oleracea contains substances that can markedly inhibit the growth of both ER+ and ER- human breast cancer cells, although through different mechanisms".

Taken altogether, kale, a member of cruciferous vegetables may be considered a functional food for the treatment of breast cancer, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Mechanisms of action and antiproliferative properties of Brassica oleracea juice in human breast cancer cell lines by Brandi G1, Schiavano GF, Zaffaroni N, De Marco C, Paiardini M, Cervasi B, Magnani M. (PubMed)