Ginger, the Natural Alternative for Treatment of Bacterial and Fungal Infection

Scientists may have found a pungent spice that processes the potential to inhibit microbial infection, according to studies.

Microbial infection is the infection caused by the multiplication of microbes after entering the body successfully.

The process of infection can be divided into many stages. However, most microbes try to invade the body were killed in the acute phase of infection by the immune system response through the production of the protein associated with the pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Most people do not experience any symptoms until the microbe multiplication to the peak in its’ population.

Acute infection in most cases is recovered with a week or two. However, if the immune function cannot destroy all the microbes within a certain period of time, it will adapt to the new change, leading to chronic low-grade inflammatory diseases.

The chronic low-grade inflammatory state is a pathological feature of a wide range of chronic conditions, such as metabolic syndrome (MetS), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), type 2 diabetes.

A most common risk of microbial infection is a weakened immune system, particularly in the elderly.

The Institute of Medicine (US) Division of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention in examing the risk of infection in elderly, wrote, "The implications of an aging population for health care are being widely discussed but seldom with the understanding that health promotion and disability prevention are workable concepts for people in the “second 50” years of life".

And, "Pneumonia and influenza are among the leading causes of death and morbidity from infection among older people. Safe and effective vaccines to prevent pneumonia and influenza are available and should be universally used in persons over age 50. Nosocomial (institutionally acquired) infections have a major deleterious impact on persons over 50 and require good infection control practices in hospitals and nursing homes".

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) or ginger root, the second superfood used for thousands of years by mankind, is the genus Zingiber, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, native to Tamil.

The root has been used in traditional and Chinese medicine for the treatment of dyspepsia, gastroparesis, constipation, edema, difficult urination, colic, etc.

Researchers on finding a natural alternative for the treatment of bacterial infection examined the ginger antimicrobial and antifungal properties associated with periodontitis in the human oral cavity

The application of ethanol and n-hexane extracts of ginger exhibited antibacterial activities that cause periodontal diseases. against three anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria, Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC 53978, Porphyromonas endodontalis ATCC 35406 and Prevotella intermedia ATCC 25611.

Two highly alkylated gingerols, such as [10]-gingerol and [12]-gingerol effectively inhibited the growth of these oral pathogens at a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) range of 6-30 microg/mL.

Furthermore, these 2 compounds also killed the oral pathogens at a minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) range of 4-20 microg/mL compared to other failed compounds such as 5-acetoxy-[6]-gingerol, 3,5-diacetoxy-[6]-gingerdiol and galanolactone.

In order to reveal more information about the ginger antimicrobial activity, researchers examine the newly isolated compound including 6-paradol (1) and 6-shogaol (2) as the major antimycobacterial agents.

Injection of these isolates was found to be active against Mycobacterium chelonei, M. intracellulare, M. smegmatis and M. xenopi (MIC 10-15 µg/ml).

The desmethyl derivative of compound (1) retained the antimycobacterial activity. However, derivatives are more active against Candida albicans, compared to (1) and (2).

Interestingly, newly compound Gingerone (9)was found to be inactive against the microbial activity.

Taken altogether, ginger processed abundantly bioactive ingredients may be considered a natural alternative for the prevention and treatment of microbial infection, and diseases associated with micro bacterial infectious disease, pending to the confirmation of larger sample size and multicenter human infection.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Antibacterial activity of [10]-gingerol and [12]-gingerol isolated from ginger rhizome against periodontal bacteria by Park M1, Bae J, Lee DS.(PubMed)
(2) Antimicrobial Activity of 6-Paradol and Related Compounds by Ahmed M Galal. (Journal, International Journal of Pharmacognosy)
(3) The Second Fifty Years: Promoting Health and Preventing Disability by The Institute of Medicine (US) Division of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention