Herbal Anise, the Anti Breast cancer Functional Herb, Scientists Suggest

The ability to cure breast cancer with a natural plant without inducing adverse effects are the dream that many scientists would hope to see in their lifetime. However, as of today, the hope is still a long way from reality.

Some studies suggested that herbal Anise may process a significant effect in the reduction of risk and treatment of breast cancer with no side effects.

Breast cancer is a medical and chronic condition characterized by abnormal cell growth in the breast tissues. Mose cases breast cancer begin with the alternation of DNA in the cells in the inner lining of the breast. After colonizing the entire breast the adance stage, malignant cancers can travel a distance away to infect other healthy cells and tissue.

The exact causes of breast cancer are unknown. researchers have tried hard but still could not answer the question, why people with the same healthy condition and genetic similarity in the same family, some are susceptible to the onset of the disease, while other female siblings do not.

Some researchers suggested the risk factors associated with breast cancer should be divided into preventable and unpreventable.

The preventable risk factors are condition can be changed through diet and lifestyle and choice, such as physical inactivity, obesity or overweight, poor diet, chest radiation, excessive alcohol drinking and use of hormone therapy.

Unpreventable risk factors are conditions that cannot be changed including the genetic opposition, age, dense breast tissue, early menstruation, and late menopause, race, and gender.


However, regardless of preventable and unpreventable risk factors associated with the onset of the disease, the risk of breast cancer is lower in women who follow a long-term healthy diet and lifestyle.

According to the National Breast cancer foundation, in all women with breast cancer, 60-70% of them have no connection to these risk factors at all, and some women with these risk factors will never develop cancer.


In 2010, over 250,000 new cases of breast cancer were expected to be diagnosed in women in the U.S. alone and the risk of getting invasive breast cancer during the lifetime of a woman is 1/8.

Dr. Ji Hyun Kim, the lead author in the study led by the National Cancer Center, "Dietary Factors and Female Breast Cancer Risk: A Prospective Cohort Study", said, "grilled meat and high-cholesterol food intake and irregular eating habits may be associated with a higher risk of breast cancer".


These results indicated women who follow the Western diet with high in saturated and trans fat, red meats, processed foods are associated with substantially increased risk of breast cancer compared to women, following the traditional diet pattern.


Anise is a flowering plant of the species of Pimpinella anisum, genus Pimpinella, belonging to the family Apiaceae native to Egypt and the Mediterranean region.

The popular herb has been used in traditional herbal medicine as a fragrance in soaps, oils, and mouth fresheners and stomachic, antiseptic, anti-spasmodic, carminative, digestive, expectorant, stimulant, and tonic agent to treat head-lice and mites, increase blood pressure, prevent formation of gas in the gastrointestinal tract and menstrual cramps, etc.

Breast cancer (malignant breast neoplasm) is cancer that starts in the tissues of the breast either from the inner lining of milk ducts (Ductal carcinoma) or the lobules (Lobular carcinoma) that supply the ducts with milk. there are also rare cases that breast cancer starts in other areas of the breast.

Ingredients
Besides the main ingredient Anethole, it also contains, D-pinene, I-phellandrene, Alpha-terpineol, Safrol, Methyl chavicol, Resin, Shikimic acid, etc.

In the concerns that genomic instability, accumulative mutations, and subsequent changes in intracellular signaling cascades may influence the development of human breast cancers, researchers at the The University of Mississippi launched an investigation of the transcriptional activity of NF-kappaB measured by cell-based reporter gene assay


On epoxypseudoisoeugenol-2-methyl butyrate (EPB), a phenylpropanoid isolated from the herbal Anise exerts a significant effect in the inhibition of cell growth, cell cycle progression and apoptosis in MCF-7 (estrogen-dependent) and BT-549 (estrogen-independent) breast cancer cells, through de-activating the NF-kappaB which plays an important role in the control of transcription of DNA, cytokine production and cell survival.

EPB also found to block the proliferation of both MCF-7 and BT-549 cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner.

The further analysis suggested that EPB induced apoptosis by cell cycle arrest in G(1)/G(0) phase in both MCF-7 and BT 549 cells.

Dr.Ma G, the lead scientist at the final report said, " in vitro results indicated that EPB has potential for use against both hormone-dependent and hormone-independent breast cancers and its effects seem to be mediated by inhibiting the NF-kappaB activity".

In an attempt to find food components potentially acting as selective estrogen receptor modulators SERMs for treatment of breast cancer with no side effects, the University of Athens submitted four plant aqueous extracts derived from Greek flora (Sideritis Euboea, Sideritis clandestina, Matricaria chamomilla, and Pimpinella anisum) in a series of in vitro biological assays to examine their SERM profile.

All plant extracts including Anise at a concentration range 10-100 microg/mL demonstrated a potency as of SERMs in stimulating osteoblastic cell differentiation and antiestrogenic effect on breast cancer cells without proliferative effects on cervical adenocarcinoma cells.


Additionally, the antiestrogenic effect of the plant extracts was reduced under the presence of estradiol on MCF-7 cells, that suggests the extracts may process a potential estrogen receptor-related mechanism.

Taken altogether, herbal Anise may be considered a functional food for the prevention and an adjunct therapy combined with conventional medicine for treatment of breast cancer, pending on the further confirmation of large sample size and multi-center studies.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.



References
(1) Inhibition of NF-kappaB-mediated transcription and induction of apoptosis in human breast cancer cells by epoxypseudoisoeugenol-2-methyl butyrate by Ma G, Tabanca N, Husnu Can Baser K, Kirimer N, Pasco DS, Khan IA, Khan SI. (PubMed)
(2) Greek plant extracts exhibit selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM)-like properties by Kassi E, Papoutsi Z, Fokialakis N, Messari I, Mitakou S, Moutsatsou P.(PubMed)
(3) Dietary Factors and Female Breast Cancer Risk: A Prospective Cohort Study by Ji Hyun Kim,1 Jeonghee Lee,2 So-Youn Jung,3 and Jeongseon Kim. (PMC)