Obesity is a medical condition characterized by excess body fat accumulated over time.
Overweight is a condition of excess body weight relative to the height.
According to the Body Mass Index(BMI), a BMI between 25 to 29.9 is considered overweight, while a BMI of over 30 is an indication of obesity.
Statistic shows, 68% of the American population are either overweight or obese.
The article written by LOUISE LUCAS AND ALAN RAPPEPORT and posted on Financial Times, suggested, " Diet aids are often more successful at shedding dollars than pounds – for manufacturers as well as consumers and "The weight-management industry, worth $11-billion in retail sales according to data company Euromonitor, should by rights be a major beneficiary of the times".
However, how many people have followed through all those programs? How many people have maintained weight reduction? The answers are debatable, depending on who you talk to.
One thing for sure, most weight programs are not working to their promises, for whatever reasons, otherwise, the statistic should show a rate reduction of obesity in the US, over the years.
The health line in its website indicates, there are as much as 20 reasons, "Why You're Not Losing Weight" in the article with the same title,
1. Maybe You Are Losing Without Realizing It
2. You're Not Keeping Track of What You're Eating
3. You're Not Eating Enough Protein
4. You're Eating Too Many Calories
5. You're Not Eating Whole Foods
6. You're Not Lifting Weights
7. You're Binge Eating (Even on Healthy Food)
8. You're Not Doing Cardio
9. You're Still Drinking Sugar
10. You're Not Sleeping Well
11. You're Not Cutting Back on Carbohydrates
12. You're Eating Too Often
13. You're Not Drinking Water
14. You're Drinking Too Much Alcohol
15. You're Not Eating Mindfully
16. You Have a Medical Condition That is Making Things Harder
17. You're Addicted to Junk Food
18. You've Been Starving Yourself For Too Long
19. Your Expectations Are Unrealistic
20. You're Too Focused on "Dieting"
If you want to know more of the above differentiation, I courage you to click the cited link at Why You're Not Losing Weight"
Dried pea is a small but nutritionally mighty member of the legume family, genus Pisum belongings to the family Fabaceae with a healthy source of proteins, fibers, vitamins, and minerals.
In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group study, with overweight and obese (BMI = 25-38) adults randomized to either a 15 g/d yellow pea fibre supplemented group or isocaloric placebo group for 12 weeks (n = 30/group), researchers found that peas fiber displays a significant effect in weight reduction through various mechanisms, including improvement of metabolic syndrome and gut microbiota expression.
Metabolic syndrome is associated with weight gain due to its effects in increased odds of low HDL and high triglycerides relative in compared to participants with continuously stable weights(4).
According to the Université de la Méditerranée, gut microbiota expression is correlated to host weight. And microbial changes in the human gut were proposed to be one of the possible causes of obesity(5).
Dr. Jennifer E Lambert, the lead author said, " feeding the prebiotic fiber oligofructose for 12 weeks reduced levels of the orexigenic hormone ghrelin and increased levels of the anorexigenic hormone PYY in overweight adults which corresponded with lower self-reported energy intake [13]. In the long-term, these changes in postprandial peptide secretion may promote weight loss through reductions in ad libitum food intake", and "Both bacterial abundance and composition can be altered with lifestyle changes. Indeed, part of the role of intestinal bacteria in weight control has been elucidated through the study of patients receiving bariatric surgery".
Additionally, in the examined the nutritional effects and acceptability of two high-fiber hypocaloric diets differing in sources of fiber: (a) beans or (b) fruits, vegetables, and whole grains of 2 men, 18 women, mean age = 46.9, and mean BMI = 30.6. with participants completed 3-day food diaries in each of the two baseline weeks, researchers indicated that
*. There is no difference in the outcome of the fiber intake of all groups. Both diets increased fiber intake from 16.6 in compared to baseline.
*. Fiber intake showed a consistent effect in reduced weight status overtreatment in both groups with mean weight loss was 1.4 kg.
*. The returned questionnaire also addressed the hunger decreased and fullness increased during the testing period in both groups.
*. Both diets were rated as potentially acceptable as long as six months.
The findings suggested that bean and fruits, vegetables, and whole grains fiber demonstrated a similar efficacy in increased satiation and reduced hunger in induced weight loss.
.
Interestingly, in a total of 173 women and men, with a mean body mass index of approximately 36 kg m(-2) (one-fifth with diabetes type 2) randomised to a high-fibre bean-rich diet with fibre intakes of 35.5 (18.6) g day(-1) for women and 42.5 (30.3) g day(-1) for men, or a low-carbohydrate diet, researchers found that in 123 (71.1%) completers at 16 weeks
*. The mean (SD) weight loss of both groups was 4.1 (4.0) kg.
*, Fiber dietary group expresses a higher weight loss of 5.2 in compared to 4.5 kg in low-carbohydrate group.
3. High-fiber diet shows a better decreased low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol and total cholesterol levels compared to a low-carbohydrate diet.
Dr. Tonstad S, the led author said."After 52 weeks, the low-carbohydrate (n = 24) group tended to retain weight loss better than the high-fiber group (P = 0.06), although total cholesterol remained lower with the bean-rich diet (P = 0.049)."
Taking all together, there is no doubt that fibers of bean or other sources as functional foods, may have strong implication in induced weight loss and weight management for overweight and obese subjects.
The amounts of fiber intake should be consulted with your doctors to prevent overdoses constipation.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Evaluation of yellow pea fibre supplementation on weight loss and the gut microbiota: a randomized controlled trial by Jennifer E Lambert,1 Jill A Parnell,2 Jay Han,3 Troy Sturzenegger,3 Heather A Paul,4 Hans J Vogel,4,5 and Raylene A Reimer
1,4(PMC)(2) Dietary adherence and satisfaction with a bean-based high-fiber weight loss diet: a pilot study by Turner TF1, Nance LM1, Strickland WD1, Malcolm RJ1, Pechon S1, O'Neil PM1.(PubMed)
(3) A high-fibre bean-rich diet versus a low-carbohydrate diet for obesity by Tonstad S1, Malik N, Haddad E.(PubMed)
(4) Metabolic Syndrome and Weight Gain in Adulthood by Dawn E. Alley
1 and Virginia W. Chang(PMC)(5) The relationship between gut microbiota and weight gain in humans by Angelakis E1, Armougom F, Million M, Raoult D.(PubMed)
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