Carotenoids, the Secret Ingredients That Protect Your Heart, Studies by National Institutes of Health Suggested

Carrots' carotenoids may have a profound and positive effect in the protection of your heart against the development of cardiovascular disease, some scientists suggested.

The differentiation of studies was carried out by some respectable institutes, including the Università di Napoli and published on online medical data.

Carotenoids used by the plant to absorb light energy in photosynthesis, are class of mainly yellow, orange, or red fat-soluble pigments, including α-carotene, β-carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin. and lycopene,

In plants, carotenoids play an important role in protected chlorophyll from sunlight in the induction of oxidation to cause photodamage.

Researchers at the Tufts University suggested that in human, dietary carotenoids may provide health benefits in decreasing risk of diseases, particularly certain cancers and eye disease.

Cardiovascular disease is a medical condition characterized by a heart attack, chest pain (angina) or stroke caused by narrowed or blocked blood vessels.

Most common symptoms included chest pain, chest tightness, chest pressure and chest discomfort (angina), shortness of breath. sweating, irregular heartbeat

If you experience some of the above symptoms, please see your doctor right the way.

A rest electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) can often detect heart disease, heart attack, an enlarged heart, or abnormal heart rhythms that may induce heart failure.


Rocket, UCSF – Virtual Labs, Stanford University in the evaluation CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS suggested, "Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among people with diabetes mellitus" and "Compared to people without diabetes, those with diabetes have a higher prevalence of CVD and are more likely to have myocardial infarctions or silent myocardial ischemia".

However, diabetic patients who actively manage their risk factors may avoid or delay the development of heart and blood vessel disease.

Carrot, a root vegetable with an orange color is a subspecies of Daucus carota, belongings to the family Apiaceae, native to Asian and Europe.

Nutrients
1. Carbohydrates
2. Sugars
3. Fibre
4. Fat
5. Protein
6. Vitamin A
7. Thiamine (VittaminB1)
8. Riboflavin (Vittamin B2)
9. Niacin (Vittamin B3)
10. Vitamin B6
11. Folate (Vittamin B9)
12. Vitamin C
13. Vitamin K
14. Calcium
15. Iron
16. Magnesium
17. Molybdenum
18. Phosphorus
19. Potassium
20. Sodium

In the study to evaluate the effect of many natural substances, including carotenoids in protection against cardiovascular disease through influence of endothelial functions, smooth muscle cell proliferation, thrombosis and plaque rupture, researchers at the Seconda Università di Napoli launched an study to know more of the injection of the pigment in inhibition of ROS which were found overexpression in patients with CVD.

ROS, the reactive oxygen species produced through many aspects and have strong implications in all organs and tissues in the body daily.

Dr. Giugliano D, said, "A sufficient supply with antioxidants from diet might help prevent or delay the occurrence of pathological changes associated with oxidative stress" and " When diet fails to meet the antioxidant requirement, dietary supplements might be indicated".

Injection of antioxidants from various sources together with the antioxidants produced by the body tissues play an important role to keep free radicals in check.
In other words, maintaining the healthy ratio of free radicals and antioxidants in the body is considered as a good way to prevent the occurrence of pathological changes and reduce the risk of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD).

The best antioxidant frequently mentioned by the studies were vitamin E, vitamin C, carotenoids, coenzyme Q10, flavonoids, and the amino acid L-arginine.

Oxidative stress was found to induce intracellular Ca2+-overload, one of the critical impact in the genesis of myocyte dysfunction.

Increased expression of free radicals was also found to injure and damage the cardiac myocytes.


Further analysis of the bioactive lycopene, one of the major component of carotenoids, researchers at the Catholic University School of Medicine, conducted a study by comparison to the Northern European or other Western countries, the Mediterranean area in rates of mortality from cardiovascular diseases.

Lycopene, a member of natural carotenoids found in tomato and carrot, is an essential component of the Mediterranean diet.

The study included the identification and differentiation of numbers of study which were satisfied the guidelines and criteria to maintain the integration of the investigations.

According to the selected studies, researchers found that most reports show a strong support of the role of lycopene in the prevention of CVD epidemiologically in a dose-response manner.

However, Dr. Mordente A, the lead author said, " A less clear and more complex picture emerges from the interventional trials, where several works have reported conflicting results".

Truly, lycopene reduced risk in the prevention of CVD was attributed to its function as an antioxidant scavenger, hypolipidemic agent, an inhibitor of pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic factors, which have been contributed to the attenuated onset of the diseases.

Moreover, in the review of medical literature published between 2000 and 2011 in the analysis of the properties of the carotenoid lycopene in chemical and biological systems in preventing cardiovascular diseases (CVD), researchers at the joint study lead by the J Friedrich Schiller University showed that
* Epidemiological studies strongly supported the role of lycopene protective effects against the progression of CVD.

* Lycopene inhibited overexpression of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) which is a fundamental mechanism in the initiation of atherosclerosis.

* Lycopene improves blood flow and reduces inflammatory responses.


Dr. Müller L, the lead author after taking into account of other co and confounders said, "Tissue culture experiments and animal studies support potential cardioprotective effects for lycopene and other carotenoids in the blood" and "Most studies showed beneficial effects of lycopene to individuals who are antioxidant-deficient like elderly patients, or humans exposed to higher levels of oxidative stress like smokers, diabetics, hemodialysis patients and acute myocardial infarction patients".

The information findings suggested that carrot and its bioactive phytochemical carotenoids (lycopene) may have a strong implication in preventing the onset of cardiovascular disease, through its antioxidant activity in inhibition of several major risk factors, including levels of low blood cholesterol, Ca2+-overload.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blog, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.


Sources
(1) Dietary antioxidants for cardiovascular prevention by Giugliano D1(PubMed)
(2) Lycopene and cardiovascular diseases: an update by Mordente A1, Guantario B, Meucci E, Silvestrini A, Lombardi E, Martorana GE, Giardina B, Böhm V(PubMed)
(3) Lycopene and Its Antioxidant Role in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases-A Critical Review by Müller L1, Caris-Veyrat C2,3, Lowe G4, Böhm V(PubMed)
(4) CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS(Rocket, UCSF – Virtual Labs, Stanford University)
(5) The role of carotenoids in human health by Johnson EJ(PubMed)