Some Serious Complications of Dementia, Even Caregivers May Not Be Aware Of

About 5-8% of all people over the age of 65 have some forms of dementia, and these numbers double every five years above that age.

Dementia is the loss of mental ability that is severe enough to interfere with people's everyday life.

And Alzheimer's disease is the most common type of dementia in aging people.

According to The University of Manchester, an unhealthy diet with high-fat consumption is associated with increased risk of neuroinflammation causing both the neuropathology and memory impairments in an animal model(15).

In the study conducted by Ichinomiya City Hospital, Ichinomiya, Japan, Dr. Ukai K, and Mizuno Y. said, " Physical complications that occurred in our ward in the 12 months from April 2007 to March 2008 were recorded. Our ward has 50 beds and, over the 12 months, the average occupancy rate was approximately 90%. We subdivided physical complications into two categories: (i) serious emergencies occurring in the ward with a possible high risk of mortality within a few days (e.g. pneumonia and upper airway obstruction); and (ii) life-threatening complications arising in the ward that required diagnosis and treatment by specialists from other medical departments (e.g. bone fracture and cancer)"(10).

The serious complications that caregiver may not be aware of
1. Pneumonia
In the study of Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, Dr. Givens JL showed that Pneumonia is common among patients with advanced dementia, especially toward the end of life.

Whether antimicrobial treatment improves survival or comfort is not well understood.

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of antimicrobial treatment for suspected pneumonia on survival and comfort in patients with advanced dementia. (11)

2. Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS)
The prevalence of OSAS increases with aging, occurring in up to 25% of older adults and up to 48% in patients with Alzheimer's disease. OSAS causes hypoxia, fragmented sleep, daytime sleepiness, cognitive dysfunction, functional decline, and brain damage resulting from reduced cerebral blood flow, ischemic brain lesions, microvascular reactivity, white matter lesions, and grey matter loss(12)

3. Bone fracture
In the study to investigate the relationship between bone mass and dementia in elderly hip fracture patients from areas with different aluminum concentrations in water supplies to determine researchers found that high concentration of aluminum in the drinking water and the negative calcium balance are age-related osteoporosis together predispose to senile dementia. (13)

4. Urinary incontinence
Urinary incontinence may require insertion of a urinary catheter, which is known to increase the risk of UTIs.

Urinary incontinence is a common problem in dementia. Almost invariably, the person with dementia will develop incontinence as the disease progresses.

However, the primary reasons for incontinence are often not because of any significant pathology in the urinary system. Rather, it is due to factors outside the urinary system. (14)

5. Venous thromboembolism
In the study to assess 37988 patients of whom 1316 (3.5%) had dementia, venous thromboembolism (VTE) patients with dementia had a high incidence of fatal pulmonary embolism (PE) and fatal bleeding.

In those initially presenting with PE, the risk of dying of PE far outweighed that of fatal bleeding.

And, in patients presenting with DVT alone, the risk of fatal PE was lower than that of fatal bleeding. (15).


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources(10) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20377817
(11) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20625013
(12) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20739254
(13) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3239502
(14) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16642241
(15) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22374336
(16) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24630364