Endometriosis: The Effects on Hormonal Imbalance(*)

Posted by Chantel Martiromo, Research article by Kyle J. Norton

During the last stage of the menstrual cycle, normally a layer of endometriosis lining on the inside of the uterus is expelled, known as menstruation blood, instead some of the endometriosis tissues grow somewhere in the body to cause endometriosis. Endometriosis also react to hormone signals of the monthly menstrual cycle, by building and breaking up tissues and eliminating them through menstrual period.

The Affects on Hormonal Imbalance(*)
1. Hot flashes
Hot flashes also known as hot flushes, is a feeling of intense heat with sweating and rapid heartbeat, and may typically last from two to thirty minutes for each occurrence, normally happening only to women in the menopause stage. Woman with endometriosis may also experience some sources of hot flashes caused by hormone imbalance and tends to occur only during times of menstruation as resulting of more progesterone produced by the purity gland and low levels of good estrogen in the body. Intake of soy rich foods will help to reduce symptoms of hot flashes(82)(*).

2. Tender breast
Tender breast normally happens to women during the 7th to 14th days prior to their period such as discomfort, tenderness and swelling of the breasts. It also happens to women 1-2 weeks after conception. In case of endometriosis, it causes interfere of endometriosis implants or adhesion against normal ovarian functions of the menstrual cycle as resulting of over-production of estrogen or progesterone. These symptoms may worsen due to a decline in your normal ovarian function. It is said that intake of vitamin B6 and primrose oil will help. Be sure to talk to your doctor before taking any supplements or over-the-counter medication(83). In most cases, the symptoms may be result of PMS caused by endometriosis(87).

3. Premenstrual syndrome
Premenstrual syndrome is a condition that happens between ovulation and the start of the period. Women who have endometriosis also have PMS mostly caused by hormone imbalance such as imbalance of estrogen and progesterone, serotonin or excessive androgen. In case of endometriosis pre-menstrual symptom is caused by imbalance of prostaglandins and leucotrienes produced by endometrium that interferes with normal muscle contraction and the local blood flow resulting in abdominal pain(85).

4. Prolong and heavy bleeding
Normally abnormal uterine bleeding happens to women in menarche or perimenopause stages. It may also happen to women with hypothyroidism or polycystic ovarian syndrome. If the bleeding is heavy and over six months, then it is caused by endometrial implants or adhesion that interferes with the ability of the blood vessels to contract to stop bleeding after the normal menstrual sloughing(82)(83)(84)(86).
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References
(*)Treatment strategies for endometriosis by Rodgers AK¹, Falcone T.(PubMed)
(82)The efficacy and tolerability of short-term low-dose estrogen-only add-back therapy during post-operative GnRH agonist treatment for endometriosis by Kim NY¹, Ryoo U, Lee DY, Kim MJ, Yoon BK, Choi D.(PubMed)
(83)Effect of norethindrone acetate in the treatment of symptomatic endometriosis by Muneyyirci-Delale O¹, Karacan M.(PubMed)
(84)Prospective randomized study comparing the GnRH-agonist leuprorelin acetate and the gestagen lynestrenol in the treatment of severe endometriosis by Regidor PA¹, Regidor M, Schmidt M, Ruwe B, Lübben G, Förtig P, Kienle E, Schindler AE.(PubMed)
(85)The short form endometriosis health profile (EHP-5): translation and validation study of the Iranian version by Goshtasebi A¹, Nematollahzadeh M, Hariri FZ, Montazeri A.(PubMed)
(86)Treatment of adenomyosis-associated menorrhagia with a levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device by Fedele L¹, Bianchi S, Raffaelli R, Portuese A, Dorta M.(PubMed)
(87) Premenstrual syndrome by Yonkers KA¹, O'Brien PM, Eriksson E.(PubMed)