Body fat distribution and the risk of premenopausal breast cancer

Posted by Chantel M. Research contributed by the US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health

The prevalence of childbearing age obesity is wide spreading in US, approximately, 50% of them are either overweight [body mass index (BMI) 25-29.9 kg/m(2)] or obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m(2)).
 Body fat distribution and the risk of premenopausal breast cancer
Abdominal adiposity is associated with metabolic and hormonal changes, many of which have been associated with the risk of premenopausal breast cancer.  In the study to investigate the association between body fat distribution, assessed in 1993 by self-reported waist circumference, hip circumference, and waist to hip ratio, and the incidence of premenopausal breast cancer in the Nurses' Health Study II, by the Harvard School of Public Health, posted in PubMed, indicated that during 426,164 person-years of follow-up from 1993 to 2005, 620 cases of breast cancer were diagnosed among 45,799 women. Hormone receptor status information was available for 84% of the breast cancers. The age-standardized incidence rates of breast cancer were 131 per 100,000 person-years among those in the lowest quintile of waist circumference and 136 per 100,000 person-years among those in the highest quintile. No statistically significant associations were found between waist circumference, hip circumference, or the waist to hip ratio and risk of breast cancer. However, each of the three body fat distribution measures was statistically significantly associated with greater incidence of estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer.

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