Approximately half of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOs) are either obese or overweight. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting 5% to 10% of women worldwide.
Comparison with Metformin in the same subjects, hypocaloric(low calories) diet showed a reduction of 5-10% of weight on markers of insulin resistance with equal efficacy with Metformin in decreasing serum hs-CRP levels(2) and improving inflammatory biomarkers and adipokines independently of dietary composition(3). In a 20 weeks of a high-protein energy-restricted diet to evaluate the Markers of endothelial dysfunction, including elevated markers of endothelial dysfunction, presented in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome, showed an significant weight loss, improved testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin and the free androgen index (FAI) and insulin resistance(4). Sibutramine(the hydrochloride monohydrate salt) removed from the market because of the concerns of risk of heart attack and stroke, in a comparison test with hypocaloric diet, showed a significant weight loss in overweight and obese women with PCOS and improvement in hyperandrogenemia and insulin sensitivity after 6 months of treatment(5). Clomiphene citrate (CC) used conjunction with hypocaloric diet with structured exercise training (SET) after 6 weeks in overweight and obese CC-resistantPCOS patients, enhanced the probability of ovulation under CC treatment, through a significant improvement in clinical and biochemical androgen and insulin sensitivity indexes(6).
Comparison of a hypocaloric low-fat diet with those of a very low carbohydratediet, showed the positive effects in both diets in significant improvements in BMI, WC, and menstrual function and induced weight loss through targeting both the menstrual dysfunction and risk factors for long-term morbidity associated withPCOS in adolescents(7). Short-term hypocaloric diet including high protein (HP: 30% protein, 40% carbohydrate, and 30% fat) or high carbohydrate (HC: 15% protein, 55% carbohydrate, and 30% fat) showed a significant weight loss reduction and improvement in their reproductive and metabolic abnormalities with no increased benefit to a high-protein diet(8).
Some researchers suggested that Hypocaloric (low-calorie) diets can alter your metabolic rate in glucose utilization and decreased antioxidant defenses, in some case may result in life-threatening(8a).
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References
(1) Beneficial effects of a high-protein, low-glycemic-load hypocaloric diet in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled intervention study by Mehrabani HH, Salehpour S, Amiri Z, Farahani SJ, Meyer BJ, Tahbaz F.(PubMed)
(2) Effect of metformin compared with hypocaloric diet on serum C-reactive protein level and insulin resistance in obese and overweight women with polycystic ovary syndrome by Esfahanian F, Zamani MM, Heshmat R, Moini nia F.(PubMed)
(3) Effect of a low-fat versus a low-gycemic-load diet on inflammatory biomarker and adipokine concentrations by Heggen E, Klemsdal TO, Haugen F, Holme I, Tonstad S.(PubMed)
(4) The effect of diet and exercise on markers of endothelial function in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary eby Thomson RL, Brinkworth GD, Noakes M, Clifton PM, Norman RJ, Buckley JD.(PubMed)
(5) Effect of hypocaloric diet plus sibutramine treatment on hormonal and metabolic features in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized, 24-week study by Florakis D, Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Katsikis I, Nassis GP, Karkanaki A, Georgopoulos N, Panidis D.(PubMed)
(6) Six weeks of structured exercise training and hypocaloric diet increases the probability of ovulation after clomiphene citrate in overweight and obese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled trial by Palomba S, Falbo A, Giallauria F, Russo T, Rocca M, Tolino A, Zullo F, Orio F.(PubMed)
(7) Effect of weight loss on menstrual function in adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome by Ornstein RM, Copperman NM, Jacobson MS.(PubMed)
(8) A randomized trial of the effects of two types of short-term hypocaloric diets on weight loss in women with polycystic ovary syndrome by Stamets K, Taylor DS, Kunselman A, Demers LM, Pelkman CL, Legro RS.(PubMed)
(8a) Toxicity of hypercaloric diet and monosodium glutamate: oxidative stress andmetabolic shifting in hepatic tissue by Diniz YS, Fernandes AA, Campos KE, Mani F, Ribas BO, Novelli EL.(PubMed)
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