Healthy Eating, Navy Bean Inhibits the Initiation and Progression of Colon Cancer

Cancer is a class of diseases associated with irregular cell growth in the tissue of a specific organ due to the alternation of cell DNA.

Compared to normal cells with a limit cell cycle division before replacing by a set of new cells, malignant cells have an unlimited cycle division. In other words, cancerous cells ignore cell division inhibitors.

Primary colon cancer is a medical condition caused by abnormal cell growth in the colon tissue. Most cases of colon cancer begin on the surface of the inner lining tissue of the colon, before penetrating into deeper layers to form a tumor through proliferation.

At the advanced stage, the cancerous cells can dispatch from the original site to infect other healthy tissue and organs far the way from the colon, leading to secondary metastasis.

The exact causes of colon cancer are unknown. researchers do not know why people with the same health condition, family history, and diet, some are susceptible to the onset of the disease while others do not.

According to the statistic, colorectal cancer(cancer that starts in the colon or rectum is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in men and women combined in the United States.

The Colorectal Cancer Alliance suggested, on average, the lifetime risk of developing colon cancer is about one in 23 for men and women combined (4.5%), however, this varies widely according to individual risk factors.


Out of many risk factor associated with the onset of colon cancer, some researchers suggested that the risk of colon cancer may have a direct implication from the promotion of a high-fat diet over the past few decades

Dr. Milly Ryan-Harshman wrote, "Whether red meat is a culprit in causing CRC remains unanswered, although any effect it might have is likely moderate and related to processing or cooking"

And "The effect of dietary fiber on the risk of CRC has also been difficult to determine because fiber intake is generally low. Evidence that folic acid, calcium, and vitamin D reduce the risk of CRC is stronger"

These results strongly suggested that by reducing intake of red meat and processed foods, and increasing intake of nutrients from the fruits and vegetables including folic calcium and vitamin D, the risk of colorectal cancer can be substantially decreased.

However, in the study conducted by the team lead by Dr. Dana-Farber, Cancer Center oncologist Jeffrey Meyerhardt, MD appeared in the Aug. 15 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association, the Western diet not only associate to the colon cancer risk but also elevate the risk of recurrent colon cancer in colon cancer patients.

The small, white navy bean, also called pea bean or haricot, popular in both dry and green forms, is very popular in Britain and the US, native to Peru. It is now grown and consumed across the world, due to its numerous health benefits.

With an aim to find a natural and dietary compound for the treatment of colon cancer, researchers examined the effects of navy beans on mice induced colon cancer.

The study included cooked navy beans (whole beans), the insoluble fraction (bean residue) or soluble fraction of the 60% (vol:vol) ethanol extract of cooked navy beans (bean extract), or a modified AIN-93G diet (16.6% fat including 12.9% lard) as control fed to 160 male obese ob/ob mice after 2 azoxymethane injections.

According to the tested assays mice fed with navy beans showed a reduction of dysplasia, adenomas, or adenocarcinomas in fewer mice compared to control.


More precisely, whole beans 54%, P=0.10; bean residue 81%, P=0.003; bean extract 91%, P=0.007), inhibited all types of colon lesions, including focal hyperplasia compared to control.

Based on the findings researchers wrote, "suggest that both the soluble and the insoluble fraction of the extract contribute to the cancer-protective effect of cooked navy beans".

In order to reveal additional information about navy bean anti-colon cancer activity, researchers evaluated whether black beans and/or navy beans would reduce colon carcinogenesis in rats.

The study included rats fed a modified AIN-93G diet (control) or diets containing 75% black beans or 75% navy beans for 4 wk before colon cancer was initiated by the administration of two injections of azoxymethane 1 wk apart.

At the 31 wk after the second injection, the incidence of colon adenocarcinomas was significantly lower in navy bean (14%) diets compared to rats fed the black bean (9%) diets and control diet (36%).

Furthermore, total tumor multiplicity was also significantly lower in rats fed the navy bean (1.0) diets compared to black bean (1.1) and control diet (2.2).

Based on the additional analysis, researchers found that the 44-75% reduction in colon carcinogenesis in rats fed beans was attributed to more controlled appetites and much greater concentrations of butyrate in the distal colon.

The results strongly suggested eating....navy beans significantly lowered colon cancer incidence and multiplicity.

Taken altogether, the navy bean may be considered a remedy for the prevention and treatment of colon cancer, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study. larger sample size and multicenter human study.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Dietary cooked navy beans and their fractions attenuate colon carcinogenesis in azoxymethane-induced ob/ob mice by Bobe G1, Barrett KG, Mentor-Marcel RA, Saffiotti U, Young MR, Colburn NH, Albert PS, Bennink MR, Lanza E. (PubMed)
(2) Consumption of black beans and navy beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) reduced azoxymethane-induced colon cancer in rats by Hangen L1, Bennink MR. (PubMed)
(3) Diet and colorectal cancer, Review of the evidence by Milly Ryan-Harshman, Ph.D. RD. (PubMed)