Gut microbiota a community of microorganisms that live in the gut of humans and animals. The gut metagenome contains genetic material recovered directly from environmental samples.
Depending on the genetic made up and environmental factors, including diet, the gut microbiota of one individual can be different compared to others
Epidemiological studies suggested that unbalanced the ratio of bacterias in the GI tract induce changes in microbiome structure, that links to inflammatory, functional and metabolic disorders such as IBD, IBS, and obesity.
Dr. Ana M Valdes, the lead scientist in the examined health benefits associated with the intestinal microbiome suggested that gut microbes have a strong effect on human health including immune, metabolic and neurobehavioral traits.
More precisely, the intestinal microbiomes
* Interact with the immune function that has a strong impact on host immune balance for optimal health.
In other words, intestinal microbiomes modulate the function of the immune system depending on the needs of the host.
* Reduce the risk of gastrointestinal diseases and non-gastrointestinal diseases caused by overexpression of bad bacteria.
* Increase nutrient absorption from the diet and maintain digestive metabolism, thus reducing the risk of obesity and obese complications.
* Control brain insulin signaling and metabolite levels against neurobehaviors.
The small, white navy bean, also called pea bean or haricot, popular in both dry and green forms, is very popular in Britain and the US, native to Peru. It is now grown and consumed across the world, due to its numerous health benefits.
With an aim to find potential health food for the improvement of gut microbiota, researchers examined the impact of cooked navy bean powder on the fecal microbiome of healthy adult pet dogs.
The study included the analysis of the fecal samples from healthy dogs prior to dietary control and after 4 wk of dietary treatment with macro- and micronutrient matched diets containing either 0 or 25% cooked navy beans (n = 11 and n = 10, respectively).
According to the tested assay performed from the fecal samples, there were no major effects of navy bean inclusion on microbial populations. However, there were significant differences due to dietary intervention on both research diets.
More precisely, after 4 wk of dietary intervention both control or navy bean diet, increased the levels of Phylum Firmicutes and decreased the levels of Phyla Actinobacteria and Fusobacteria, compared to baseline.
Additional differentiation of the sample, researchers suggest
* Cooked navy bean exerted no negative alterations of microbial populations in dogs, therefore, the bean powders may be a viable protein and fiber source for commercial pet foods.
* The no difference of both diet associated with the highly variable microbial populations observed in these healthy adult pet dogs at baseline may contribute to the potential reason for the difficulty to detect alterations in microbial populations following dietary changes.
Furthermore, in C57Bl/6 mice that were fed diets supplemented with 20% cooked navy bean (NB) or black bean (BB) flours or an isocaloric basal diet control (BD) for 3 weeks, researchers found that
* Both NB and BB diet similarly altered the fecal microbiota community structure by increasing the abundance of carbohydrate fermenting bacteria such as Prevotella, S24-7, and Ruminococcus flavefaciens.
* Both NB and BB enhanced mucus and epithelial barrier integrity vs. BD in multiple aspects associated with the diseases in the colon.
* The risk of colonic diseases involved in the biomarkers was also inhibited by both NB and BB diet through improving the colonic cell integrity.
Collectively, Dr. Monk JM, the lead scientist wrote, " Overall, NB and BB improved baseline colonic microenvironment function by altering the microbial community structure and activity and promoting colon barrier integrity and function; effects which may prove beneficial in attenuating gut-associated diseases".
Taken altogether, the fermented navy bean may be considered a remedy for the improvement of the gut microbiota, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Effects of dietary cooked navy bean on the fecal microbiome of healthy companion dogs by Kerr KR1, Forster G, Dowd SE, Ryan EP, Swanson KS. (PubMed)
(2) Navy and black bean supplementation primes the colonic mucosal microenvironment to improve gut health by Monk JM1, Lepp D2, Wu W2, Pauls KP3, Robinson LE4, Power KA. (PubMed)
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