Yoga in Attenuated Complications and Improved High-Risk Pregnancy Outcome

According to the literature published online in PubMed, Yoga may be be used as an adjunct therapy in reduced risk of a high-risk pregnancy.

Women who are classified as high-risk pregnancy are more likely to encounter more health problems in themselves and the babies during pregnancy, birth, or after delivery.


Age, first-time pregnancy, chronic conditions, preexisted medical conditions, drug usage.... are all associated to increased risk to the health problems of both mother and baby and pregnancy outcome, particularly to women with the previous history of pregnancy risk.

According to the study of sixty-eight pregnant women assigned to the yoga group (n=30) received standard care plus one-hour yoga sessions, three times a week, from the 12th to the 28th week of gestation. and control group (n=38) received standard care plus conventional antenatal exercises (walking) during the same period, researchers found that
1. Yoga participants showed fewer pregnancy-induced preeclampsia, gestational diabetes (GDM) and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) cases compared to control
2. The yoga group also expressed a significantly fewer Small for Gestational Age (SGA) babies and newborns with low APGAR scores were born in the yoga group

Dr. Rakhshani A, the led author, after examining the results indicated that " yoga can potentially be an effective therapy in reducing hypertensive related complications of pregnancy and improving fetal outcomes".

Psychologically, yoga practice of breath and meditation have a significant effect in ameliorated maternal stress and distress and improved heart rate by induced calming, reduced tension and promoted relaxation which is associated with a reduced risk of preeclampsia, gestational diabetes (GDM), some of the complications in high-risk pregnancy.

Additionally, according to Dr, Rondó PH and colleagues, yoga exercised attenuated maternal psychological stress also have demonstrated a strong implication in decreased expression of low birth weight (LBW), prematurity and intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) in high-risk pregnancy women at a gestational age (GA) lower than 16 weeks, from 20 to 26 weeks and from 30 to 36 weeks.
More importantly, in the letter responded to the above study, Dr. Siddharudha Shivalli wrote, "Authors have used outcome measures such as fetal biparietal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference, femur length, and estimated fetal weight (Table 3). However, maternal hemoglobin, anemia status, physical activity, dietary, and iron-folate/other supplement intake have an effect on all these fetal parameters [2]. These are the potential confounders in this study and they must have been addressed" and "Nonetheless, this study highlights the need of the higher level of evidence to assess the effect of yoga on maternal and fetal outcomes".


Further to demonstrate yoga effect in decrease risk of women with high risk pregnancy, researchers at the S-VYASA University, conducted a study included 68 pregnant women (38 in the control group with standard antenatal care and 30 in the YT group) with 27.2 (5.2) years of mean age recruited from the outpatient services of medical college and hospital in Bangalore, South India, reported the following results
1. Yoga therapy reduced significant stress levels measured by stress assay at the second follow-up (28(th) week of pregnancy) in compared to the control group
2. Yoga participants reported significantly fewer pregnancy discomfort, such as nausea and sometimes vomiting in the first trimester, body ache and tightening or cramping in the uterus, at late pregnancy.

After taking into account of other confounders, researchers suggested that yoga therapy may be as secondary intervention combined with standard treatment in reduced level in high-risk pregnant women.

Dr. CS Deshpande, the led author said, " practicing YT during high-risk pregnancy is not only a cost-effective option but also a feasible and safe option. Additional well-designed studies are needed before a strong recommendation can be made".

Taking all together, there is no doubt that yoga intervention may be considered as an adjunct in combined with standard treatment in high-risk pregnancy for a better outcome.



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Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) The effects of yoga in prevention of pregnancy complications in high-risk pregnancies: a randomized controlled trial by Rakhshani A1, Nagarathna R, Mhaskar R, Mhaskar A, Thomas A, Gunasheela S.(PubMed)
(2) Yoga for high-risk pregnancy: a randomized controlled trial by Deshpande CS1, Rakhshani A, Nagarathna R, Ganpat TS, Kurpad A, Maskar R, Nagendra HR, Sudheer DC, Abbas R, Raghuram N, Anura K, Rita M, Ramarao N.(PubMed)
(3) Effects of yoga on utero-fetal-placental circulation in high-risk pregnancy: a randomized controlled trial by Rakhshani A1, Nagarathna R1, Mhaskar R2, Mhaskar A2, Thomas A2, Gunasheela S3.(PubMed)
(4) Maternal psychological stress and distress as predictors of low birth weight, prematurity and intrauterine growth retardation by Rondó PH1, Ferreira RF, Nogueira F, Ribeiro MC, Lobert H, Artes R.(PubMed)