Yoga Intervention Improved Cardiovascular Endurance, Inflammatory Markers, Flexibility and Quality of Life of Heart Failure Patients

Yoga may be considered as an integrated form of exercise in improved cardiovascular endurance, inflammatory expression, flexibility and quality of life of heart failure patients, some scientists postulated.

Heart failure is a medical condition characterized by insufficiently to maintain blood flow to meet the body's needs, inducing symptoms of shortness of breath, excessive tiredness, and leg swelling.....

Yoga, the ancient technique practice for harmonized external and internal body well beings, through breath control, meditation, bodily movement, and gesture..... has been best known for people in the Western world and some parts in Asia due to health benefits reported by various respectable institutes' research and supported by health advocates.

In a study of 130 heart failure patients recruited, 65 patients randomly selected to receive 12-week yoga therapy along with standard medical therapy (yoga group). Other patients (n=65) received only standard medical therapy (control group), researchers showed that
* Yoga group expressed an enormous improvement in a decrease in heart rate, blood pressure and rate pressure product (RPP),  compared to control group
* All heart rate ratio and variability were improved in compared to control

Dr. Krishna BH, the lead author said, "Twelve-week yoga therapy significantly improved the parasympathetic activity and decreased the sympathetic activity in heart failure patients."

Truly, yoga mindfulness induced relaxation of the central nervous system in the inhibited production of stress hormone in facilitated production of inflammatory makers through interaction between immune cells-particularly macrophages and lymphocytes, one of a number of markers involved in heart failure disease progression.



Chronic psychological stress is found to have a strong negative influence in heart failure patients as the result of losing the ability to regulate the inflammatory response.

Also, yoga slow breathing and meditation-induced relaxation the central nervous system in stimulated production of nitric oxide NO through expression of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in relaxed the vessel muscles and heart muscles in regulation dilation and reduced stress hormone in overproduction of prostaglandins E2 in activated muscle constriction, plus improving in heart rate, blood pressure and rate pressure product (RPP).

Furthermore, yoga selected postures were found not only to improve flexibility but also enhance the functioning lung in optimized oxygen demand of the heart through a circulatory system controlled by homeostatic mechanisms without inducing work overload to the heart, thus increasing peak exercise capacity (peakVO2) in patients with heart failure.

These results suggested that yoga intervention exerted a significant effect of improved cardiovascular endurance in all aspects.

Moreover, yoga mindfulness reconnected and re-balanced the mind and body by bringing back the presence while dealing with a profound and effective way that leads to actively engage in healthy diet and change of lifestyle in participated improvement in functional capacity.

These findings suggested that yoga, as an integrated exercise has a direct impact in enhancing health and quality of life in patients with heart failure.



The result of above was supported by the randomized controlled trials, in the review of the literature published on MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Excerpta Medica database, LILACS, Physiotherapy Evidence Database, together with the Scientific Electronic Library Online, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health up to December 2013.

According to the study, compared to control, researchers indicated that
* Yoga group displayed a significant and positive impact on peak exercise capacity (peakVO2) and quality-of-life (HRQOL)
*Yoga participants also showed an improvement of Weighted mean differences (WMD) (some of the studies make a greater contribution to the average than others and global HRQOL standardized mean differences).
In clarification of the efficacy in treatment for CHF, Dr. Gomes-Neto M, the lead author said, "Yoga enhances peak VO2 and HRQOL in patients with CHF and could be considered for inclusion in cardiac rehabilitation programs".


And, the study of 40 patients (38 AA, 1 Asian, and 1 Caucasian) with systolic or diastolic HF randomized to the yoga group (YG, n = 21) or the control group (CG, n = 19) with all patients followed a home walk program, suggested that yoga group demonstrated a significant improvement of all tested aspects, such as for flexibility (P = 0.012), treadmill time (P = 0.002), VO2peak (P = 0.003), and the biomarkers (IL-6, P = 0.004; CRP, P = 0.016; and EC-SOD, P = 0.012) in compared to control


Taking all together, Yoga therapy may offer additional benefits to the standard medical care to patients with HF by improving cardiovascular endurance, inflammatory markers, flexibility and quality of life.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Effect of yoga therapy on heart rate, blood pressure and cardiac autonomic function in heart failure by Krishna BH1, Pal P2, G K P3, J B4, E J5, Y S6, M G S7, G S G8.(PubMed)
(2) Effects of Yoga in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure: A Meta-Analysis.[Article in English, Portuguese]by Gomes-Neto M1, Rodrigues-Jr ES1, Silva-Jr WM2, Carvalho VO2.(PubMed)
(3) Benefits of yoga for African American heart failure patients by Pullen PR1, Thompson WR, Benardot D, Brandon LJ, Mehta PK, Rifai L, Vadnais DS, Parrott JM, Khan BV.(PubMed)
(4) Role of Inflammation in Heart Failure by Shirazi LF1, Bissett J1, Romeo F1,2, Mehta JL3.(PubMed)