The Tasty and Delicious Smoothie of Coffee, Wolfberry and Honey for Reduced Risk and Treatment of Liver Cancer

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published
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Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.


The smoothie for reduced risk and treatment of  Liver cancer
Yield: 2 servings (about 8 ounces each)
1/2  cup dried wolfberry (you can easily buy them in any Chinese grocery store)
1/4 cup honey
1 1/2 cup coffee

1. Place all ingredients in a blender and puree about 1 minute
2. Blend on high speed about 1 minute or until the mixture is thick and the ice is well crushed. Add more green tea drink if needed
3. Serve immediately.

Liver cancer is a condition of out of controlled growth of hepatocellular cells in the liver. Since the organ is a soft tissue with less nerve, most liver cancer patient are diagnosed in the later stage of the cancer. According to the statistic, liver cancer remains the fifth most common malignancy in men and the eighth in women worldwide. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common form of primary liver cancer.
Back by well known institutions, according to the recent studies, coffee(1), wolfberry(4) and artichoke(7) may be next potential therapeutic target for producing a curable medication for reduced risk and treatment of liver cancer.
Coffee drink made from roasted coffee beans and considered as one most popular beverage in Western countries may consist the property in ameliorate risk of liver cancer. According to the joint study lead by the Harvard School of Public Health, intake of coffee regularly inversely associated to reduced HCC risk was partly accounted for by biomarkers of inflammation and hepatocellular injury(1).
In the Liver Cancer Pooling Project, a consortium of U.S.-based cohort studies, data from 1,212,893 individuals, higher coffee consumption was associated with lower risk of HCC, among women than men (HR>3 cups/day vs. non-drinker)(2).
Furthermore, according to a prospective study in Japan, risk of liver cancer in almost never drinkers in this population was 547.2 cases per 100,000 people over 10 years, in comparison of 214.6 cases per 100 000 people with drinking coffee on a daily basis(3).

Wolfberry is the common name for the fruit of two very closely related species, the genus of Lycium, belong to family Solanaceae, native to native to southeastern Europe and Asia. According to the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Lycium barbarum berries, improved general wellbeing and immune functions and exhibited antitumor activities against various types of cancer cells through induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest(4).

On human hepatoma cells, Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) extracted, displayed anti proliferation of SMMC-7721 cells in a concentration and time dependent manner(5) and QGY7703 cells in increased intracellular calcium in apoptotic system(7).

Dr. Cui B and colleagues at the Sun Yat-sen University said," LCP exhibited remarkable protective effects against diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced oxidative hepatic injury in liver cancer rats(6).

Honey, the rich golden liquid, is the miraculous product made by bees using nectar from flowers. It is considered as one of healthy sweet food for replacing the use of white sugar and artificial sweetener by many people. According to State University of Campinas-UNICAM, honey treatment affect the tumor and host caused by oxidative stress through different mechanisms(8), such as decreasing cell proliferation and increasing apoptosis in tumour tissue(9).The study of bee honey and Nigella sativa on hepatocellular carcinoma cells BY THE Ain Shams University, showed a positive effects of honey in reducing the viability of HepG2 cells, improving their antioxidant status and inducing their apoptotic death(10).

The discovery of combined ingredients of wolfberry(4), coffee(1) and honey(8) may act as a cornerstone for induction of further investigation of the effectiveness of natural smoothie in reduced risk and treatment of liver cancer.

People who are at increased risk of liver cancer due to family history, gene mutation, obesity.....should drink at least one serving daily and people with liver cancer should drink no more than 4 servings daily, depending to digestive toleration.
Change of life style and diet pattern are also recommended.

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References
(1) The association of coffee intake with liver cancer risk is mediated by biomarkers of inflammation and hepatocellular injury: data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition by Aleksandrova K1, Bamia C2, Drogan D3, Lagiou P4, Trichopoulou A2, Jenab M5, Fedirko V6, Romieu I5, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB7, Pischon T8, Tsilidis K9,Overvad K10, Tjønneland A11, Bouton-Ruault MC12, Dossus L12, Racine A12, Kaaks R13, Kühn T13, Tsironis C14, Papatesta EM14, Saitakis G14, Palli D15,Panico S16, Grioni S17, Tumino R18, Vineis P19, Peeters PH20, Weiderpass E21, Lukic M22, Braaten T22, Quirós JR23, Luján-Barroso L24, Sánchez MJ25,Chilarque MD26, Ardanas E27, Dorronsoro M28, Nilsson LM29, Sund M30, Wallström P31, Ohlsson B32, Bradbury KE33, Khaw KT34, Wareham N35, Stepien M5,Duarte-Salles T5, Assi N5, Murphy N36, Gunter MJ36, Riboli E36, Boeing H3, Trichopoulos D37.(PubMed)
(2) Coffee Consumption and Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma by Sex: TheLiver Cancer Pooling Project by Petrick JL1, Freedman ND2, Graubard BI2, Sahasrabuddhe VV2, Lai GY3, Alavanja MC2, Beane-Freeman LE2, Boggs DA4, Buring JE5, Chan AT6, Chong DQ7,Fuchs CS8, Gapstur SM9, Gaziano JM10, Giovannucci EL11, Hollenbeck AR12, King LY6, Koshiol J2, Lee IM5, Linet MS2, Palmer JR4, Poynter JN13, Purdue MP14, Robien K15, Schairer C2, Sesso HD5, Sigurdson AJ2, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte A16, Wactawski-Wende J17, Campbell PT9, McGlynn KA2.(PubMed)
(3) Influence of coffee drinking on subsequent risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: a prospective study in Japan by Inoue M1, Yoshimi I, Sobue T, Tsugane S; JPHC Study Group.(PubMed)
(4) An evidence-based update on the pharmacological activities and possible molecular targets ofLycium barbarum polysaccharides by Cheng J1, Zhou ZW2, Sheng HP3, He LJ4, Fan XW5, He ZX6, Sun T7, Zhang X8, Zhao RJ9, Gu L10, Cao C2, Zhou SF11(PubMed)
(5) Characterization of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide and its effect on human hepatoma cells by Zhang M1, Tang X, Wang F, Zhang Q, Zhang Z.(PubMed)
(6) Antitumour activity of Lycium chinensis polysaccharides in liver cancer rats by Cui B1, Chen Y, Liu S, Wang J, Li S, Wang Q, Li S, Chen M, Lin X.(PubMed)
(7) Effect of lycium barbarum polysaccharide on human hepatoma QGY7703 cells: inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis by Zhang M1, Chen H, Huang J, Li Z, Zhu C, Zhang S.(PubMed)
(8) Oral Administration of Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f. (Xanthorrhoeaceae) and Honey Improves the Host Body Composition and Modulates Proteolysis Through Reduction of Tumor Progression and Oxidative Stress in Rats by Tomasin R1, de Andrade RS1, Gomes-Marcondes MC1.(PubMed)
(9) Oral administration of Aloe vera and honey reduces Walker tumour growth by decreasing cell proliferation and increasing apoptosis in tumour tissue by Tomasin R1, Gomes-Marcondes MC.(PubMed)
(10) Antineoplastic effects of bee honey and Nigella sativa on hepatocellular carcinoma cells BY Hassan MI1, Mabrouk GM, Shehata HH, Aboelhussein MM.(PubMed)