Beet or Dietary Nitrate-rich Beetroot Juice in Reduced Risk of Hyperlipidemia

Beet may hold a potential use as a functional food in reduced levels of fat and cholesterol in patient with hyperlipidemia

Hyperlipidemia is a medical condition characterized by high cholesterol and fat in the blood stream.

Beet, best known as the beetroot or garden beet and belongings to the amaranth family, is a perennial plant with leafy stems growing to 1–2 m tall.

According to the study of rats fed with high-fat-diet-induced hyper cholesterol showed significantly reduced levels of fat and cholesterol through the expression of liver-protective effects by examined rat lipid profile of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides and histopathological analysis of liver, after treatment with beetroot.

Lipoproteins are basically fat and cholesterol, along with a lipid membrane containing proteins called apolipoproteins with function to transport lipid molecules in bloodstream and extracellular fluid.in our bodies.

Lipoprotein(a) or Lp(a) calculated by low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the bloodstream from measured levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) may be an important marker for the risk developing of heart disease.


Other, in the double-blinded, placebo-controlled study of patients older than 40 years, subjects instructed to take either the NO dietary supplement called Neo40 Daily® or placebo twice daily on an empty stomach for 30 days, NO dietary supplement group showed a significant increase in both plasma nitrite (P < .01) and nitrate with elevated triglycerides reduced by 72% in compared placebo group.

Nitrite is a group of chemical compound containing the anion NO2− and Nitrate has a chemical symbol of NO31-
Nitrates are relatively harmless if they are not taken in high amounts.


The study also emphasized the achievement of nitrite reductase activity of nitrate-rich beetroot juice in improving NO status, involving decreased and modify cardiovascular risk factors, including high levels of triglycerides in the circulatory system.

Also, in a randomized controlled 5-week crossover intervention, separated by a 3-week washout involved subjects (n = 25) aged 58.6 (1.1) years (mean and SD) with a BMI of 26.6 (0.5) kg/m(2) and a total cholesterol (TC) of 5.8 (0.1) mmol/L (mean and SEM) given a high fiber (HF) and low fiber (LF) diet, treatment of high fiber (HF) group, expressed a significant reduction in C-reactive protein (CRP) and a significant reduction in fibrinogen.

Fibrinogen is an essential protein for blood clot formation.

Although the study found no influence of beet fiber in contribution to the lowering of blood cholesterol but ameliorated the inflammatory effect in induced cardiovascular disease of hyperlipidemic patients.

More importantly, nitrates and nitrites occur naturally in vegetables and also used as a preservative added to in many foods including meat products. Injection of the high amounts in the body may induce anemic-like disorders and cancers.


Taking together, whole food and nitrate-rich beetroot juice may have a potential effect in reduced risk of high blood cholesterol inducing heart disease through elevated levels of antioxidants and he- protection.



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Sources
(1) Beta vulgaris subspecies cicla var. flavescens (Swiss chard): flavonoids, hepatoprotective and hypolipidemic activities by Hashem AN, Soliman MS, Hamed MA, Swilam NF, Lindequist U, Nawwar MA.(PubMed)
(2) All-natural nitrite and nitrate containing dietary supplement promotes nitric oxide production and reduces triglycerides in humans by Zand J1, Lanza F, Garg HK, Bryan NS.(PubMed)