Cruciferous vegetables with rich of phytochemicals may be the food for reduced risk and treatment of
chemical carcinogens
According to the Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, sulforaphane (SFN), the isothiocyanate (ITC) group of organosulfur compounds found in cruciferous vegetables expressed chemopreventive properties involved in detoxification processes of chemical carcinogens.
Dr. de Figueiredo SM, the lead author said, " In a dose-dependent manner, ITC inhibits the viability of human cancer cells, modifies epigenetic events that occur in cancer cells and presents antiinflammatory effect acting during the initial of uncontrolled cell proliferation."
Chemical carcinogens are types of cancer caused by chemical toxins in the induction of cellular and chromosomes change, DNA damage, etc.
The chemoprotective activity of the vegetable is the result of the significant expression of the antioxidants in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells as well as acting as the post-initiation stages of carcinogenesis, as a 'suppressing' agent involving the ability to modulate the Nrf2 in reduced damage from oxidative damage.
In fact, beside use as a chemopreventive agent against chemical carcinogenesis, sulforaphane (SFN), the major chemical constituent of cruciferous vegetables also inhibited the drug-metabolizing enzymes that cause activation/neutralization of carcinogenic metabolites and protecting normal healthy cells from environmental toxin-induced of cancers.
Furthermore, the phytochemical exhibited the molecular mechanisms responsible for the overall chemopreventive effects on selective cytotoxicity, in reduced oxidate stress, free radicals produced by lipid peroxidation in cells.
In the study of tobacco smoke carcinogens induced chemical tumors, cruciferous vegetable consumption has shown to inversely associate the development of cancer. In animal experiments. the chemopreventive effects of isothiocyanates, another compound found cruciferous vegetable, inhibited the metabolic activation of carcinogens by cytochrome P450s, enzymes with function in metabolized potentially toxic compounds.
Taking together, intake of cruciferous vegetables has potential health benefits against environmental toxins in cancer development, but due to the small size of the sample, further studies are necessary to address its viability.
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Sources
(1) Chemoprotection by sulforaphane: keep one eye beyond Keap1 by Myzak MC1, Dashwood RH.(PubMed)
(2) The antioxidant properties of organosulfur compounds (sulforaphane) by de Figueiredo SM1, Binda NS, Nogueira-Machado JA, Vieira-Filho SA, Caligiorne RB.(PubMed)
(3) Role of 4-hydroxynonenal in chemopreventive activities of sulforaphane by Sharma R1, Sharma A, Chaudhary P, Sahu M, Jaiswal S, Awasthi S, Awasthi YC.(PubMed)
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