Obesity, Sex hormone-binding globulin and female reproductive functionAlthough sex steroids

 Posted by Chantel M. Research contributed by the US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health

The prevalence of childbearing age obesity is wide spreading in US, approximately, 50% of them are either overweight [body mass index (BMI) 25-29.9 kg/m(2)] or obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m(2)). Obesity, Sex hormone-binding globulin and female reproductive functionAlthough sex steroids have long been known to influence serum concentrations of SHBG, it is now recognized that nutritional factors may be more important in the regulation of SHBG in women. Thus, SHBG concentrations are negatively correlated with body mass index (BMI) and, more particularly, to indices of central adiposity. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common cause of anovulatory infertility, is associated with truncal obesity, hyperandrogenism and hyperinsulinaemia. According to the study by the  St Mary's Hospital Medical School, posted in PubMed, Obese subjects with PCOS have similar total testosterone concentrations to lean PCO women but have lower SHBG and reciprocally higher free testosterone levels. Calorie restriction results in reduction of serum insulin followed by an increase in SHBG and a fall in free testosterone but an isocaloric, low-fat diet has no significant effect on SHBG concentrations. Weight reduction in obese, hyperandrogenaemic women with PCO is an important approach to the management of both anovulation and hirsutism.

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