The prostate is a male reproductive gland that plays a critical role in the contribution of nutrients and fluid to sperm.
Most cases of prostate cancer start in the cells on the surface in the inner lining of the prostate tissue before penetrating into deeper prostate gland layers to induce metastasis via blood and lymph.
At the early stage, due to the very small size of the tumor, prostate cancer is asymptomatic.
Most common symptoms of the prostate at the later stage are frequent urination, weak or interrupted urine flow due to the tumor that affects the tube surrounded by the prostate.
In some case, patients may experience symptoms of blood in the urine and pain due to the oversize tumor that has pressed on the nearby blood vessels and nerve cells.
The new onset of erectile dysfunction is also common in patients with prostate cancer.
The causes of prostate cancer are not identified. However, the increase in aging is one of the most common risk factors as most cases of the condition are diagnosed in older adults. Approximately, 60% of all cases are diagnosed in men over 65.c
According to the statistics, in 2017, 21,300 men were diagnosed with prostate cancer and the disease cause the death of 4,100 men in the same year.
The 5-year survival rate for most men with local or regional prostate cancer is nearly 100% compared to only 30% in patients diagnosed with prostate cancer that has spread to other parts of the body,
Some researchers in the concern that the risk of prostate cancer in the younger population suggested that the promotion of a high-fat diet over the past few decades may be correlated to the rise of the disease.
Dr. Colleen Pelser, the lead scientist wrote, "Total fat and mono- and polyunsaturated fat INTAKES were not associated with the incidence of prostate cancer. Saturated fat intake was related to increased risk of advanced prostate cancer (HRQuintile 5 vs. Quintile 1 (Q1 vs. Q5)1.21; 95% CI 1.00–1.46; p-for-trend=0.03) and fatal prostate cancer".
And. "Our study suggests that the associations of fat and fatty acids differ by prostate cancer severity. Saturated fat, ALA and EPA intakes were related to the risk of advanced or fatal prostate cancer, but not to non-advanced prostate cancer".
The results strongly suggested that if you are a high-fat diet follower, your risk of prostate cancer is increased substantially compared to a traditional diet.
Tomato is red, edible fruit, genus Solanum, belongings to family Solanaceae, native to South America. Because of its health benefits, the tomato is grown worldwide for the commercial purpose
and often in the greenhouse.
In the urgency to find a natural compound for the treatment of prostate cancer, researchers investigated the effects of lycopene-rich tomato on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in prostate cancer patients.
The study included 79 patients with prostate cancer randomized to a nutritional intervention with either 1) tomato products containing 30 mg lycopene per day; 2) tomato products plus selenium, omega-3 fatty acids, soy isoflavones, grape/pomegranate juice, and green/black tea (tomato-plus); or 3) control diet for 3 weeks.
According to the results of the tested, the tomato group showed a significant PSA decrease compared to controls.
Compared to other groups, median PSA-values decreased by 1% in patients with the highest increases in plasma lycopene, selenium, and C20:5 n-3 fatty acid, compared to an 8.5% increase in the patients with the lowest increase in lycopene, selenium, and C20:5 n-3 fatty acid.
In other words, PSA decreased the most in patients with the highest increase in lycopene alone.
Based on the findings, researchers said, "Three-week nutritional interventions with tomato-products alone or in combination with selenium and n-3 fatty acids lower PSA in patients with non-metastatic prostate cancer".
Moreover, in the investigation of the association between tomato consumption and prostate cancer risk, researchers at Zhejiang University performed a meta-analysis to comprehensively evaluate this relationship.
Geographically, tomato intake showed significant protective effects in patients with Asian origin and Oceania populations compared to other regions.
According to the total of 24 published studies with 15,099 cases, tomato intake was associated with a reduced risk of prostate cancer with the RRs of 0.76 found in the case-control and cohort studies.
Taken altogether, tomatoes may be considered supplements for the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.
Intake of lycopene in the form of supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Tomato-based randomized controlled trial in prostate cancer patients: Effect on PSA by Paur I1, Lilleby W2, Bøhn SK3, Hulander E4, Klein W5, Vlatkovic L6, Axcrona K7, Bolstad N8, Bjøro T9, Laake P10, Taskén KA11, Svindland A12, Eri LM13, Brennhovd B14, Carlsen MH15, Fosså SD16, Smeland SS17, Karlsen AS18, Blomhoff R. (PubMed)
(2) Tomato consumption and prostate cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Xu X1, Li J1, Wang X1, Wang S1, Meng S1, Zhu Y1, Liang Z1, Zheng X1, Xie L. (PubMed)
(3). Dietary Fat, Fatty Acids and Risk of Prostate Cancer in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study
Colleen Pelser,1 Alison M. Mondul,2 Albert R. Hollenbeck,3 and Yikyung Park. (PMC)
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