Bromelain Kills Gastrointestinal Cancer Cells in Vitro

Gastrointestinal cancer is a medical and chronic condition caused by the alternation of cell DNA in the gastrointestinal tract including the esophagus, stomach, biliary system, pancreas, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus.

Most cases of gastrointestinal cancer begin in the cell on the surface of the inner lining of the gastrointestinal tissue, before penetrating into the deeper layers.

Most common gastrointestinal cancer is gastric cancer, which is the fourth most commonly occurring cancer in men and the seventh most commonly occurring cancer in women.

According to worldwide statistics, over 1 million new cases were diagnosed in 2018 with the South Korean leading the map, second to Mongolia.

In other words, if you are Asain, you are at an increased risk of gastric cancer.


At the advanced stage, the cancer cell of the affected tissues can travel a distance away to infect the other tissues and organs, leading to secondary metastasis.

Epidemiologically, primary gastrointestinal cancer is more likely to spread to the stomach, esophageal cancer, breast cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and ovarian cancer.

Most common symptoms of gastrointestinal cancer include
* Throw up blood with the color of coffee grounds. if the bleeding cancer is located in the esophagus or stomach
* Black stool if the bleeding cancer is located in the stomach and small intestine.

* Stool red with visible blood if the bleeding cancer is located in the large intestines.

Persistent bleeding to lead anemia due to a large amount of blood loss.

If you have some of the aforementioned symptoms that do heal in a short period of time, you may have gastrointestinal cancer. Please check with your doctor to rule out the possibility.

If the bleeding is slow, it often doesn’t cause the person to throw up blood or have a change in their stool. Over time, though, slow bleeding can lead to a low red blood cell count, and make a person feel tired and weak.

Bromelain, a proteolytic enzyme found in pineapples (Ananas comosus) has been used in traditional medicine as an inflammatory agent and to treat pains, strains, and muscle aches and pains and ease back pain and chronic joint pain, skin diseases, etc.

With an aim to find a natural ingredient against gastrointestinal cancer, researchers examined the effects of bromelain and N-acetylcysteine, the two natural agents anti-cancer effects.

In gastrointestinal cancer models to cisplatin, paclitaxel, 5-fluorouracil, and vincristine, a combination of bromelain and N-acetylcysteine with chemotherapeutic agents could give rise to an improved chemotherapeutic index.

In other words, chemo drugs used combined with bromelain and N-acetylcysteine are more effective in the inhibition of gastrointestinal cancer with lesser toxicity.

Furthermore, combined with bromelain and N-acetylcysteine also reduced the doses of chemo drugs used with the same efficacy.

Based on the findings, researchers said, "This represents a potentially efficacious strategy for the enhancement of microscopic cytoreduction".

Moreover, in the examination of the effects of bromelain (BR) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on MUC2 and MUC5AC which have been found to significantly contribute to the biology and pathogenesis of mucin-secreting gastrointestinal tumors, researchers found that in vitro (MKN45, KATOIII and LS174T cell lines) and in vivo (female nude mice bearing intraperitoneal MKN45 and LS174T), a combination of BR and NAC with dual effects on growth and mucin products of mucin-expressing tumor cells.

More precisely, the treatment of the combination of BR and NAC protected the gastric cells against the malignancies with the involvement of mucin pathology.

Taken altogether, bromelain may be considered supplements for the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal cancer, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of bromelain in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Potentiation of chemotherapeutics by bromelain and N-acetylcysteine: sequential and combination therapy of gastrointestinal cancer cells by Amini A1, Masoumi-Moghaddam S1, Ehteda A1, Liauw W2, Morris DL. (PubMed)
(2) Depletion of mucin in mucin-producing human gastrointestinal carcinoma: Results from in vitro and in vivo studies with bromelain and N-acetylcysteine by Amini A1, Masoumi-Moghaddam S1, Ehteda A1, Liauw W2, Morris DL. (PubMed)