Mustards in the Prevention and the Treatment of Chronic Diseases

Chronic diseases are a group of medical conditions most commonly associated with aging, including
arthritis, cardiovascular diseases such as heart attacks and stroke, cancer, diabetes, epilepsy and seizures, and obesity.

Nutrigenomic activity is a scientific term that optimizes the interaction of nutrition and genes, especially in the prevention or treatment of disease.

In other words, the nutrigenomic activity provided information on how the interaction of certain foods with specific genes that lead to the increased risk of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, heart disease, stroke, and certain cancers.

Biologically, nutrigenomics also provided the information molecularly how chemicals found in the diet altered the expression of genes that affect the individual health.

More precisely, nutrigenomics is depending totally on an individual's genetic makeup.

According to the Centers for Disease Control, chronic diseases also are the major driver of health care costs, accounting for nearly 75 percent of aggregate healthcare spending and increasing absenteeism that impact workforce patterns.

Each chronic patient has cost the health care spending $5300 annually.

Believe it or not, chronic diseases in the US, chronic diseases are responsible for 7 out of 10 deaths yearly. In other words, chronic diseases kill more than 1.7 million Americans each year.

According to the joint study led by Fordham University, chronic diseases are among the most prevalent and costly health conditions in the US, affecting over 133 million of the US population as many of them suffer from at least one chronic disease and the number is growing in the rapid rate.

Some chronic diseases such as cancer have been found to be the leading causes of hospitalization, long-term disability, reduced quality of life, and death.

The World Health Organization suggested that unhealthy diet and excessive energy intake, physical inactivity, and tobacco use are some of the most common cause of chronic diseases.

In other words, an unhealthy diet and physical inactivity raised blood pressure, raised glucose levels, abnormal blood lipids (particularly low-density lipoprotein – LDL cholesterol), and overweight (body mass index ≥25 kg/m2) and obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m2) are some of the most common prevalent factors found in patients in the Western World.

Other risk factors associated with the risk of chronic disease also inclduing excessive alcohol drinking, infectious agents, some environmental factors such as air pollution, which contribute to asthma and other chronic respiratory diseases.

Some researchers suggested by changing unhealthy lifestyle pattern, chronic diseases may be preventable.

Dr. Walter C. Willett, the lead scientist in the concern about the risk chronic disease in poor lifestyle individuals wrote, "Several lines of evidence indicate that realistic modifications of diet and lifestyle can prevent most CAD, stroke, diabetes, colon cancer, and smoking-related cancers".

And, "Among U.S. adults, more than 90 percent of type 2 diabetes, 80 percent of CAD, 70 percent of stroke, and 70 percent of colon cancer are potentially preventable by a combination of nonsmoking, avoidance of overweight, moderate physical activity, healthy diet, and moderate alcohol consumption".

Mustard is a genus Brassica, belongings to the family Brassicaceae, native to the Himalayan region of India. The veggie has seen used in some forms in African, Italian, Indian, Chinese, Japanese, and soul food cuisine because of its popularity.
With an aim to find natural food that lowers the incidence of chronic diseases including different kinds of cancer, researchers examined the anti-cancer effects of sulfur-containing glucosinolates (GLSs)-secondary plant compounds from mustards, including isothiocyanates.

According to medical literature, ITCs promoted overall health in vitro and vivo. The phytochemical also exerted anti-carcinogenic and anti-inflammatory properties by activating the redox-sensitive transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) involved in antioxidants expression. and phase II enzymes involved in drug metabolism.

Furthermore, administration ITCs also significantly ameliorate a severe inflammatory phenotype in colitic mice in vivo.

In other words, ITCs inhibited the risk of chronic disease through its antioxidants and anti-chemical toxicity activity.

Researchers after taking other factors into account wrote, "an epigenetic mode of action for Brassica-derived phytochemicals, the conduction of further studies would be recommendable to investigate if the beneficial effects of these compounds also persist during an irregular consumption pattern".

Taken altogether, mustards processed abundantly ITCs may be considered supplements for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of SFN in the form of supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Brassica-Derived Plant Bioactives as Modulators of Chemopreventive and Inflammatory Signaling Pathways by Sturm C1, Wagner AE. (PubMed)
(2) Chronic diseases and health promotion by WHO
(3) Chapter 44Prevention of Chronic Disease by Means of Diet and Lifestyle Changes by Walter C. Willett, Jeffrey P. Koplan, Rachel Nugent, Courtenay Dusenbury, Pekka Puska, and Thomas A. Gaziano. (NCBI)