Lentils and Whole Food Lectin, A Treatment and Biomarker and Therapeutic Targets for treatment of Cervical cancer

Protein binding lectin (including lectin isolated from lentils) may have a positive and profound effect on treatment of cancers and used as a new type of potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the treatment of cervical cancer, some scientists suggested.


Lentil a type of pulse and tiny legumes that can be cooked quickly and rich in protein and fiber is a bushy annual plant of genus Lens in the Fabaceae family, native to the Middle East.

Lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins with function to specifically interact with other carbohydrate moieties.



The investigation of the effect of protein binding lectin for the treatment of cancers and as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the treatment of cervical cancer was depending on the expression of certain mechanisms in some aspects.

In the study of the effect of Frutalin, α-D-galactose-binding lectin, isolated from Pichia pastoris and native frutalin on cervical cancer cell line HeLa measured by confocal microscopy, researchers found that Frutalin expressed a significant magnitude in the induction of cytotoxicity on cell growth and cell apoptosis in tested HeLa cell line through targeting HeLa cell's nucleus.

Additionally, in other study to evaluate the association of specific mbl-2 alleles(mannose-binding lectin (MBL)) and susceptibility to HPV infection of 150 patients with HPV and 277 control subjects with no HPV, scientists suggested that there is potential linking of expression of mannose-binding lectin (MBL) in high-risk HPV in induction of cervical cancer, but patients with the mbl-2 alternative phenotypes gene represented a least significant risk for the group with HPV, even though, the frequency of high-producer mbl-2 genotypes was found higher in patients with HPV than in control.


Mannose-binding lectin (MBL), is a serum lectin with function in signaling innate immunity in mediated phagocytosis via the lectin pathway.

Furthermore, the study to find a new type of potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for treatment of cervical cancer by evaluating Galectin-1, -3 and -9, the proteins bind β-galactoside sugars via lectin pathway indicated that galectin expression was found to associate to tumor cells, tumor epithelium infiltrating immune cells and stromal cells in squamous cervical cancer.

Indeed, tested tumor cells, fibroblasts, macrophages, and T cells all expressed the presence of galectins in different scores.

Galectin-1 and -9 were both expressed by tumor cells in 11% of samples, while 84% expressed galectin-3.


Moreover, the Strong galectin-1 expression by tumor cells as an independent predictor was found to associate to poor survival and correlated with increased tumor invasion in compared to weak and positive tumor cell galectin-3 expression is correlated with increased and decreased tumor invasion and tumor cell expression of galectin-9 showed a trend toward improved survival.
The in-depth evaluation also found that tumor CD163+ macrophages associated with progression and prognostication of cervical cancers was predominant immune cell type found in expressing galectin-1, -3 and -9. More precisely, Galectin-1 and -3 were expressed by a minor population of T cells and Galectin-1 was mainly expressed by fibroblasts in the tumor stroma.



After taking into account other confounder, researchers concluded that Galectin-1 expression might be used as a marker to target more aggressive Anti-cervical cancer treatment.


Taken together, protein binding lectins may have a potential effect in the induction of cells apoptosis and proliferation on cervical cancer


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrients
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Galectin-1, -3 and -9 Expression and Clinical Significance in Squamous Cervical Cancer by Punt S1, Thijssen VL2, Vrolijk J3, de Kroon CD4, Gorter A1, Jordanova ES5.(PubMed)
(2) Mannose-binding lectin in high-risk human papillomavirus infection by Tsai CC1, Lin TM, You HL, Eng HL.(PubMed)
(3) Cytotoxic Effects of Native and Recombinant Frutalin, a Plant Galactose-Binding Lectin, on HeLa Cervical Cancer Cells by Carla Oliveira, Ana Nicolau, José A. Teixeira, and Lucília Domingues(PMC)