Green Peas Improve Cognitive Performance in Vivo

Cognitive performance is the process of the brain's ability to process thoughts in healthy individuals.
Memory impairment is a condition associated with a slow decline in memory, thinking and reasoning skills. Over time, the condition can worsen enough to affect the quality of life and daily activity.

Memory loss frequently is an early sign of memory deficit.

Some memory change can be resolved on their own or cured by medical treatment if the underlining cause is found. However, loss or gradual loss of neurons capacity cannot be revered such as dementia.

According to statistics, in the US, approximately 5.7 million people are living with dementia. Most common form of dementia is Alzheimer's disease, affecting 5.5 million people of all ages.

Most common risk factor associated with memory deficit is increasing age, smoking the genetic preposition of APOE-e4, also linked to Alzheimer's disease, obesity and medical conditions such as diabetes, high blood pressure and depression, and physical inactivity.

However, an unhealthy diet has been found to promote a gradual loss and death of neurons such as Alzheimer's disease.


Accompanied by aging, both aging and unhealthy diet may be the major culprits that cause memory deficit in large numbers of older adults, leading to irreversible memory impairment such as AD and PD.


Dr. Amy C. Reichelt, said, "The so-called western diet is rich in saturated fat and refined carbohydrates. Excessive consumption of this diet is associated not only with the development of obesity but also with reduced global cognitive function, cognitive decline, and dementia (Morris et al., 2015). This Research Topic explores the effects of diet and diet-induced obesity on learning, memory, and cognition in both experimental and epidemiological settings".

And, "High fat and high sugar foods are highly rewarding and excessive consumption leads to enduring alterations in brain regions involved in learning, memory, and reward. These changes are proposed to drive overconsumption by promoting food-seeking behaviors".

Green peas are species of Pisum Sativum belongings to the family Fabaceae and native to western Asia from the Mediterranean Sea to the Himalaya Mountains. The pea is a green, pod-shaped vegetable and a cool-season crop grown in many parts of the world.

On finding a potent ingredient for the improvement of brain functioning, researchers investigated the impact of green pea (GP) supplementation on cognitive performance.

The study included the Maze model and Passive avoidance Paradigm served as Exteroceptive Behavioral models induced by Scopolamine and ethanol as amnesic agents were treated by administration of Pisum sativum (PS) at concentrations 2.5% w/w and 5% w/w for 15 successive days.

Based on the tested differentiation, mice treated by Pisum sativum (PS) showed a decrease in transfer latency and an increase in step down latency.

Furthermore, green peas not only ameliorated memory deficits induced by scopolamine and ethanol but a significant increase in brain Glutathione levels,.

Moreover, Pisum sativum (PS) at different concentrations also inhibited brain stress marker observed on declined levels of Malondialdehyde levels and Acetylcholinesterase activity in the brain.

Collectively, researchers said, "Therefore, behavioral effects of PS would be worthwhile in management of cognitive dysfunctions".


Taken altogether, green peas may be considered a functional food for the prevention of cognitive dysfunctions, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Evaluation of Nootropic Potential of Green Peas in Mice by Sushila Kaura, and Milind Parle. (Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science)
(2) Editorial: Impact of Diet on Learning, Memory and Cognition by Amy C. Reichelt,1,* R. Fred Westbrook,2 and Margaret J. Morris. (PMC)